Soil organic matter quality, macro and micronutrient
availability in response to the inclusion of wheat as cover crop
Cover crops appear as an option to improve the balance
of carbon (C) and its quality. The aim of this study was to study the effect of
wheat as a cover crop on the dynamics of organic matter and the availability of
some macro and micro nutrients under different crop rotations. This work was
carried out in a long-term experiment under non-tillage system. Treatments
were: soybean-soybean (S-S), soybean-cover crop-soybean (S-CC-S),
corn-soybean-wheat/soybean (C-S-W/S) and corncover crop-soybean-wheat/soybean
(C-CC-S-W/S). As principal results, it was observed that the fraction of
organic carbón between 53 and 105 mm (COPf) was significantly increased when CC
were added to soybean monoculture. The carbón fraction of less than 53 mm
(COa), was higher when cover crop were incorporated to the rotations. Soybean
monoculture had a value of total organic carbon (COPg + COPf) of 11.1 g kg-1,
being the lowest value of all treatments and significantly lower than S-CC-S
(17 g kg-1). Soil
macronutrients concentration had no differences between treatments. Rotations
with grasses and legumes (M-S-T/S) determined in general a greater accumulation
of zinc (Zn) and manganese (Mn) (2.2 and 63 mg kg-1 respectively)
than soybean monoculture (1.4 and 50 mg kg-1) in the depth of 0-5
cm. The concentration of these micronutrients was positively correlated with
organic matter content. In this year of study, the CC did not seem to have
affected the concentration of micronutrients, thus successive analysis should
be performed in order to study the effect of CC in micronutrients dynamics in
time.
Organic
fractions, nutrient availability, crop rotations
Beltrán M., L.
Brutti, R. Romaniuk, S. Bacigaluppo, F. Salvagiotti, H. Sainz-Rosa, J.A.
Galantini. 2016. Efecto del trigo como cultivo de cobertura sobre la dinámica
de la materia orgánica en el suelo y la disponibilidad de macro y
micronutrientes. Ciencia del Suelo 34(1) 67-79.
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