Abstract
In semiarid
regions optimal fertilization is difficult due to erratic rainfall. The aim of this study was to
analyze the influence of climate variability on the response to different rates
and timing of fertilization on wheat productivity and on efficiencies in the
use of nitrogen in a site of the semiarid region of the province of Buenos
Aires, Argentina. For five years, fertilization trials were
conducted in wheat combining N rates (0, 25, 50 y 100 kg ha-1)
and times of fertilization: Seeding (Ns) and tillering (Nm).
Agronomic efficiency (EUF) for dry matter (MS) and grain, and apparent recovery
of nitrogen (RAN) were evaluated. Interactions between variables (year, rates
and times) and efficiencies were found. In Nm, significant
correlations of all parameters were
found with October rainfall.
Protein for Ns
and Nm was significantly and inversely correlated
with full cycle rainfall. Significant correlations were found in EUF of MS and grain in this order; Full cycle rainfall> Spring rainfall> Oct rainfall>
Set rainfall. Interannual climate variability showed the
greatest influence on the nitrogen use efficiencies, regardless the application
timing.
Key
words Fertilization timing; tillering application; erratic
rainfalls
Martínez
J.M., J.A. Galantini, M.R. Landriscini. 2015. Eficiencia en el uso del
nitrógeno del trigo en la región semiárida de la provincia de Buenos Aires
(Argentina): efectos del momento de aplicación. Agriscientia 32 (1) 15-27.
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